基于表面增强拉曼光谱的致病菌检测方法研究进展

Advances in Detection Methods of Pathogenic Bacteria Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectra

近年来,细菌感染性疾病不断发生,抗生素的频繁使用使得耐药细菌的数量显著增多,耐药现象愈发严峻。迫切需要一种高效、准确的检测技术来对致病菌作出判断。不同种属细菌其分子组成和结构不同,表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)主要由于其能反映细菌特有的光谱指纹而被用于区分和反映细胞状态。SERS对致病菌的检测受到多个因素的影响,本文从三个方面回顾了SERS对致病菌的检测并做一简要综述:首先,从基底的设计方面,总结了不同结构和大小的SERS基底对致病菌的检测;其次,回顾了致病菌的共培养、原位还原和静电结合的非标记检测方式以及标记检测包括外标记和内标记方法对致病菌的SERS检测;最后,结合致病菌拉曼光谱分析方法即传统的多变量统计分析方法和先进的机器学习算法对致病菌加以鉴定并对SERS用于致病菌检测进行了总结和展望。

In recent years,bacterial infectious diseases have been occurring,and the frequent use of antibiotics has led to a significant increase in the number of drugresistant bacteria,and the phenomenon of drug resistance is becoming more and more serious.There is an urgent need for an efficient and accurate detection technology to make a judgment on the pathogenic bacteria.Different species of bacteria have different molecular compositions and structures.Surfaceenhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)is used to distinguish and reflect the cellular state mainly due to its ability to reflect the unique spectral fingerprint of bacteria.The detection of pathogenic bacteria by SERS is influenced by several factors,and this paper introduces three aspects of SERS detection of pathogenic bacteria and provides a brief review.Firstly,the design of substrates is summarized in terms of different structures and sizes of SERS substrates for pathogenic bacteria.Secondly,the coculture,in situ reduction and electrostatic binding of pathogenic bacteria for nonlabeling detection and labeling detection including external and internal labeling methods for SERS detection of pathogenic bacteria are reviewed.Finally,the identification of pathogenic bacteria is combined with the traditional multivariate statistical analysis method of Raman spectroscopy of pathogenic bacteria and advanced machine learning algorithms,and the application of SERS in pathogenic bacteria detection is summarized and prospected.