构树种质资源开发与利用研究进展

Research progress on exploration and utilization of Broussonetia papyrifera germplasm resources

构树种质资源丰富,根据其不同特征已全面开展创新利用工作。构树因具有速生、抗旱、抗盐碱等特性,在生态及土壤改良方面已有广泛应用;因营养全面、适口性好、枝叶富含蛋白质等特性,是理想的饲用原料;因纤维品质优良,是造纸、纺织行业的优质原料;因全株富含类黄酮、维生素、氨基酸等,也被用作保健品及饮料原料。随着科技创新,已培育出许多不同用途构树品种,但仍存在对种质资源保护意识淡薄、种质创新利用进度缓慢、资源利用推广乏力等问题。下一步要分析地域及市场需求,加强科研队伍建设,制定明确的育种目标,力争培育出性状优良的构树品种。

The germplasm resources of Broussonetia papyrifera is very rich,and innovative utilization has been carried out in an all-round way according to its different characteristics.Because of its fast-growing,drought-resistance,salt-alkali resistance,it has been widely used in the field of ecology and soil improvement.It is often used as feed material because of its comprehensive nutrition,good forage properties,and rich protein in branches and leaves.It is also used in the paper industry and textile industry because of its good fiber quality.The whole plant is rich in flavonoids,vitamins and amino acids,so that it is often used in medical and health care and beverage industries.Many species of B.papyrifera have been cultivated for different purposes with the innovations.The research in the field of molecular biology is also being carried out.However,there are still problems such as weak awareness of germplasm resource protection,slow progress in germplasm innovation and utilization,and lack of power in resource utilization and promotion.It is to analyze the regional and market needs,strengthen the construction of scientific research teams,formulate clear breeding goals,and strive to cultivate good-character B.papyrifera varieties in the future.