武汉市15岁及以上人群二手烟暴露调查

Investigation on Second Hand Smoke Exposure of People Aged 15 and Over in Wuhan

目的 了解武汉市15岁及以上人群二手烟暴露情况和主要暴露场所,为武汉市二手烟的综合干预提供依据。方法 于2019年10月,采用全球成人烟草调查(GATS)统一的调查问卷对2 551名武汉市居民进行二手烟暴露情况进行调查。结果 调查对象男性(44.8%)吸烟率远高于女性(2.4%)。在过去30天中,室内工作场所25~44岁年龄组人群二手烟暴露率为24.2%,企业/商业/服务业从业者暴露率为26.8%;室内公共场所15~24岁人群二手烟暴露率为48.2%,政府/事业单位工作人员二手烟暴露率为40.1%,二手烟暴露率最高的公共场所为餐饮/酒店室内,达24.0%;65岁以上年龄组人群在家庭二手烟暴露率最高,为41.8%。随着文化程度的升高,家庭二手烟暴露率下降。结论 公共场所及室内工作场所二手烟暴露现状严峻,青少年的二手烟暴露问题亟待重视,应加快公共场所及工作场所的无烟立法进程,创建无烟学校及无烟单位,推动无烟餐馆、家庭的创建,加强对无烟场所的监管力度。

Objective To get a preliminary understanding of the second-hand smoke exposure and main exposure sites of people aged 15 and over in Wuhan.Methods In October 2019,the Global Adult Tobacco Survey(GATS)unified questionnaire was used to investigate 2 551 citizen in Wuhan about the second-hand smoke exposure.Results The smoking rate of men(44.8%)was much higher than that of women(2.4%).In the past 30 days, in indoor workplaces, the exposure rate of second-hand smoke in the 25-44 age group was 24.2%,the exposure rate of enterprise/business/service industry practitioners was 26.8%;In indoor public places, the second-hand smoke exposure rate of people aged 15-24 was 48.2%,the second-hand smoke exposure rate of government/public institution staff was 40.1%,and the public places with the highest second-hand smoke exposure rate was catering/hotel rooms, up to 24.0%;The exposure rate of second-hand smoke in the family of people over 65 years old was the highest, which was 41.8%.With the increase of educational level, the exposure rate of second-hand smoke in the family decreased.Conclusion The current situation of second-hand smoke exposure in public places and indoor workplaces is severe, and the problem of second-hand smoke exposure of teenagers needs urgent attention.We should speed up the smoke-free legislative process in public places and workplaces, create smoke-free schools and units, promote the establishment of smoke-free restaurants and families, and strengthen the supervision of smoke-free places.