紫苏不同部位营养品质及抗氧化能力的比较研究

Comparative study on nutritional quality and antioxidant ability in different parts of perilla frutescens

为探究不同品种紫苏及其籽、叶、梗及根4个不同部位之间营养成分及抗氧化能力的差异,选取药用紫苏和油用紫苏,比较其营养成分及抗氧化能力的差异。结果表明,不同品种紫苏不同部位的营养成分和抗氧化能力差异明显。油用紫苏各部位的粗脂肪含量高于药用紫苏,而粗纤维和总糖含量却低于药用紫苏。紫苏中的抗坏血酸、β-胡萝卜素、迷迭香酸、总多酚和总黄酮等主要分布在紫苏叶中。此外,药用紫苏叶的DPPH自由基清除能力和还原力分别为56.47%和0.68,而油用紫苏叶则分别为14.96%和0.18,且紫苏叶的抗氧化能力也显著强于紫苏其它部位。通过多元统计分析可将样品分为3组,其中药用紫苏叶单独为一组。该研究可为研究紫苏的营养特性和紫苏功能性食品的开发提供数据参考。

In order to explore the differences of nutritional components and antioxidant capacity between different varieties of perilla frutescens and its four different parts of seeds,leaves,stems and roots.The differences of nutritional components and antioxidant capacity were compared between medicinal perilla frutescens and oil perilla frutescens.The results showed that the nutritional composition and antioxidant capacity of different parts of different varieties of perilla frutescens were obviously different.The crude fat contents of each part of oil perilla frutescens were higher than those of medicinal perilla frutescens,while its crude fiber and total sugar content were lower than medicinal perilla frutescens.Ascorbic acid,β-carotene,rosmarinic acid,total polyphenols and total flavonoids of perilla frutescens were mainly distributed in perilla frutescens leaves.In addition,the DPPH free radical scavenging ability and reducing power of medicinal perilla frutescens leaves were 56.47% and 0.68,respectively,while those of perilla frutescens leaves of oil perilla frutescens were 14.96% and 0.18,respectively.The antioxidant capacity of perilla frutescens leaves was also significantly stronger than that of perilla frutescens other parts.The samples could be divided into 3 groups according to multivariate statistical analysis,among which the medicinal perilla frutescens leave was a single group.This research can provide data reference for studying the nutritional properties of perilla frutescens and the development of perilla frutescens functional food.