霓虹演示装置的设计与实现

Design and Implementation of Rainbow and Secondary Rainbow Demonstrator

太阳光在雨滴中经过折射反射再折射形成彩虹。霓是太阳光在雨滴中折射反射再反射再折射形成的自然现象。由于霓比彩虹在雨滴中反射多了一次,因而光强会减弱,因而霓难以看见。传统彩虹演示仪再现的彩虹现象不够明显,也无法同时显示虹与霓,并且存在制作不便、再现要求高、无法进行定量研究等不足。经过深入细致的研究,本研究制作了一种新型的霓虹演示装置,再现了霓虹现象。该装置操作简便,便携性高,现象明显,对环境要求低,还能定量研究霓虹的影响因素。通过该霓虹演示装置的演示能加深对大气中光学现象的认识,更深入的理解霓虹形成的原理。

Rainbow and secondary rainbow are common natural phenomena in the sky after rain.Rainbows are formed after sunlight is refracted twice and reflected once in raindrops.The secondary rainbow is formed by two reflections and two refractions of sunlight in raindrops.Because secondary rainbow is reflected in raindrops more than rainbow once,the light intensity will weaken.Therefore,the brightness of secondary rainbow is much weaker than that of rainbow,so secondary rainbow is very rare.The rainbow phenomenon reproduced by the traditional rainbow demonstrator is not obvious,and it cannot display rainbow and secondary rainbow at the same time.It is inconvenient to make,and has high reproduction requirements.It cannot be studied quantitatively.After in-depth and detailed research,a new rainbow and secondary rainbow demonstration device is made to reproduce the rainbow and secondary rainbow phenomenon.The device has the advantages of simple operation,high portability,obvious phenomenon and low environmental requirements.It can also quantitatively study the influencing factors of rainbow and secondary rainbow.The demonstration of the rainbow and secondary rainbow demonstrator can deepen the understanding of optical phenomena in the atmosphere and the principle of rainbow and secondary rainbow formation.