基于分子感官科学的香紫苏精油特征香气成分分析

Analysis of Characteristic Aroma Components of Salvia sclarea L. Essential Oil Based on Molecular Sensory Science

利用GC-MS对香紫苏精油的挥发性成分进行了分离和鉴定,确定了34种致香成分,基于GC-MS-O技术确定了17种香气活性成分,并通过内标标准曲线测定了其含量,分别计算了其香气活力值(OAV)及对精油香气的贡献度,并采用OAV对其香气特征进行了分析。结果表明,香紫苏精油的主要致香物质是乙酸芳樟酯和芳樟醇,二者含量占到总量的62.3%,17种成分的FD因子(香气稀释因子)≥2;17种主要成分可以分为5个香韵,柠檬醛是果香韵的特征成分,芳樟醇是花香韵的特征成分,乙酸芳樟酯是木香韵的特征成分,α-松油醇是青香韵的特征成分,异胡薄荷醇是药草香韵的特征成分;从香气风格特征雷达图来看,香紫苏精油的主要香韵为药草香、青香和木香,其次为花香和果香,与感官评价结果相吻合。

The volatile components of Salvia sclarea L. essential oil are separated and identified by GC-MS, and 34 aroma components are identified. Based on GC-MS-O technology, 17 kinds of aroma active components are determined, and their content is determined by internal standard curve. The odor activity value(OAV) and the contribution degree to the aroma of essential oil are calculated, and the aroma characteristics are analyzed by OAV. The results show that the main aroma components of Salvia sclarea L. essential oil are linalyl acetate and linalool, which accounts for 62.3% of the total content, FD factor of the 17 components is≥2. The 17 main components can be divided into five aroma note. The characteristic component of fruit aroma note is citral, the characteristic component of flower aroma note is linalool, the characteristic component of wood aroma note is linalyl acetate, the characteristic component of green aroma note is α-terpineol, and the characteristic component of herb note is isopulegol. From the radar chart of aroma style characteristics, the main aroma notes of Salvia sclarea L. essential oil are herb aroma, green aroma and wood aroma, followed by flower aroma and fruit aroma, which is consistent with the sensory evaluation results.