阜平县北流河流域耕地多功能评价及分区研究

Multifunctional evaluation and zoning study of cultivated land in Beiliu River Basin,Fuping County

耕地在人类的生存发展过程中提供着重要的物质基础,然而由于对耕地功能认识的不充分,过度强调对耕地资源的经济产出,而忽视了耕地的其他功能,造成了耕地资源的严重浪费和质量退化。正确、全面的认识耕地功能,转变耕地功能单一利用模式,开展耕地多功能利用,才能充分发挥耕地资源潜力,使耕地资源创造最大效益。鉴于此,本研究以阜平县北流河流域耕地为研究对象,从构成耕地本质属性气候、水文、土壤、立地条件等方面对耕地的生产功能、生态功能、景观功能和文化功能进行综合评价,评价结果表明:(1)研究区内整体耕地生产功能与生态功能为中等水平;景观功能和文化功能相对偏低。(2)在空间分布上,耕地生产功能主要分布在低海拔区域,面积较大;耕地生态功能主要分布在海拔相对较高区域;耕地景观功能和文化功能主要分布在研究区中西部,分布较为零散。(3)根据单一功能评价内容,通过空间聚类分组划分耕地功能主导区,分别为农业生产主导区、生态农业主导区、景观农业主导区和文化教育主导区,并针对主导区提供相应的利用对策。

Cultivated land provided an important material basis in the process of human survival and development.However,due to insufficient understanding of the function of cultivated land,the economic output of cultivated land resources was overemphasized,while other functions of cultivated land were neglected,resulting in a serious waste of cultivated land resources and quality degradation.Only by correctly and comprehensively understanding the function of cultivated land,changing the single-use mode of cultivated land function,and carrying out multi-functional utilization of cultivated land.Fulling play cultivated land resource potential,the maximum benefit of cultivated land resources could be created.In view of this,this study took the cultivated land in the Beiliu River Basin of Fuping County as the research object,and comprehensively evaluated the production function,ecological function,landscape function and cultural function of cultivated land from the aspects of climate,hydrology,soil and site conditions that constituted the essential attributes of cultivated land.The evaluation results showed that:(1)The overall production function and ecological function of cultivated land in the study area were at a medium level;the landscape function and cultural function were relatively low.(2)In terms of spatial distribution,the production function of cultivated land was mainly distributed in low-altitude areas,with a large area;the ecological function of cultivated land was mainly distributed in areas with relatively high altitude;the landscape function and cultural function of cultivated land were mainly distributed in the central and western parts of the study area,and the distribution was relatively scattered.(3)According to the evaluation content of a single function,the functionally dominant areas of cultivated land were divided by spatial clustering grouping analysis,which were the agricultural production-dominated area,the ecological agriculture-dominated area,the landscape agriculture-dominated area,and the cultural and educational-dominated area,the corresponding utilization countermeasures were provided for the dominant area.