服务业开放与企业跨国经营:来自中国服务外包示范城市的证据

Service Liberalization and Multinational Enterprise Operations:Evidence from Service Outsourcing Model Cities in China

本文利用上市公司服务企业数据,结合科技部火炬中心的技术先进型服务企业名录,采用双重差分方法分析中国服务外包示范城市政策对企业跨国经营的影响。研究发现:城市入围“服务外包示范城市”之后,会促进当地企业海外营业收入提升。服务外包示范城市的企业海外营业收入比没有入围城市的企业高出0.471%。服务外包示范城市政策对企业海外营收的影响集中在制造业企业和服务业企业,对农业企业海外营收的影响没有通过显著性检验。产权性质不改变服务外包示范城市对企业跨国经营的影响,无论是国有企业还是非国有企业都能享受到政策红利。本研究表明,发展中国家也应当推进服务业开放,以中国为蓝本的研究,为工业国向服务经济转型提供思路。

This paper examines the influence of the service outsourcing model city policy on multinational enterprise operations.Using the data from listed service enterprises and the list of technology advanced service enterprises released by Ministry of Science and Technology Torch Center,our findings are as follow:enterprises’ overseas operating income will be promoted 0.471% after its locational city shortlisted to the service outsourcing model cities.The promotion is significant in manufacturing and service enterprises,but insignificant in agricultural enterprise.Besides,both state-owned and non-state-owned enterprises are beneifted from the policy,which shows property right category is indifference to the effect.This paper shows that developing countries should promote the opening up of service industry,and China provides a blueprint for the transformation from industrial to service economy for other developing countries.