齿轮钢淬硬表面超声振动辅助磨削试验研究

Experimental Study on Ultrasonic Vibration-Assisted Grinding of Hardened Gear Steel Surface

为解决齿轮钢淬硬表面在传统磨削中加工效率低、表面完整性差的难题,引入超声振动辅助磨削加工技术。开展了淬硬齿轮钢AISI 9310和轴承钢GCr15切向超声振动辅助平面磨削加工对比试验,通过分析磨削力和磨削表面质量,对齿轮钢淬硬表面超声振动辅助磨削加工工艺进行研究。结果表明,超声振动辅助磨削能有效降低磨削力和比磨削能,随着材料去除率的增大,超声磨削力比更加稳定,有利于提高加工效率。利用本次试验数据建立的经验公式可以有效预测白刚玉砂轮磨削AISI 9310与GCr15淬硬表面时的法向磨削力大小,误差在10%以内。当磨削速度、工件进给速度和磨削深度分别为15 m/s、8 m/min和15μm时,相比于传统磨削,超声振动辅助磨削中AISI 9310与GCr15的表面粗糙度分别降低了9.47%和7.39%,并减少了加工表面缺陷,有利于提高工件表面完整性。

Ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding processing technology is introduced to solve the problems of low processing efficiency and poor surface integrity of hardened gear steel surfaces in conventional grinding.The comparison experiment of tangential ultrasonic vibration-assisted surface grinding of hardened gear steel AISI 9310 and bearing steel GCr15 were carried out.The ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding process of gear steel hardened surface is researched through the analysis of grinding force and grinding surface quality.The results show that ultrasonic vibration assisted grinding can effectively reduce the grinding force and specific grinding energy.With the increase of material removal rate,the ultrasonic grinding force ratio is more stable,which is beneficial to improve the grinding efficiency.The experience formulas of the normal grinding force with white alundum grinding wheels in grinding hardened surface of AISI 9310 and GCr15 are obtained,and the relative error is less than 10%.Compared with conventional grinding,the surface roughness of AISI 9310 and GCr15 in ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding is reduced by 9.47%and 7.39%,when the grinding speed,workpiece infeed speed and grinding depth are 15 m/s,8 m/min and 15μm,respectively.Under this condition,few defects are observed on the surface machined by the ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding.This finding indicates that the surface integrity of the workpiece is improved by the ultrasonic vibration.