脾酪氨酸激酶基因甲基化表达水平与结直肠癌患者临床病理特征及预后的关系研究

Relationship between Spleen Tyrosine Kinase Gene Methylation Expres⁃sion and Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis in Patients with Colorectal Cancer

目的探究脾酪氨酸激酶基因(Syk)甲基化表达水平与结直肠癌患者临床病理特征及预后的关系。方法选取2020年1月—2021年1月江苏省人民医院浦口分院90例结直肠癌患者作为研究对象,采用甲基化特异性聚合酶链反应(MSP)与逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)对Syk基因甲基化状态及表达情况予以分析,根据Syk甲基化状态进行分组,31例肿瘤组织过甲基化作为Syk过甲基化组,59例Syk未甲基化作为Syk未甲基化组,收集患者年龄、性别、结直肠癌位置、分化程度等一般资料,随访术后生存时间,分析Syk与患者临床病理特征及预后的相关性。结果90例结直肠癌患者37例未检测出Syk基因表达,与正常组织Syk表达比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=67.737,P<0.05);31例肿瘤组织过甲基化,可见Syk基因表达缺失,59例未甲基化患者仅有6例表达缺失;Syk过甲基化组高分化程度、中分化程度分别为22.58%、54.84%,低于Syk未甲基化组,低分化程度占为22.58%,高于Syk未甲基化组,差异有统计学意义(Z=2.214,P<0.05);Syk过甲基化组淋巴结转移占87.10%,高于Syk未甲基化组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=23.051,P<0.05);Syk过甲基化组病理分期A期、B期、C期、D期分别占9.68%、16.13%、58.06%、16.13%,与Syk未甲基化组比较,差异有统计学意义(Z=2.940,P<0.05);Syk过甲基化组生存时间平均为(32.45±8.84)个月,1年生存率为74.19%,术后复发率为32.26%,与Syk未甲基化组比较,差异有统计学意义(t=5.451,χ^(2)=4.827、8.197,P<0.05)。结论Syk甲基化表达水平与结直肠癌患者淋巴结转移、病理分期密切相关,Syk过甲基化会降低患者生存率,影响预后,应予以重视。

Objective To explore the relationship between the expression level of spleen tyrosine kinase gene(Syk)methylation and the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer.Methods A total of 90 patients with colorectal cancer from January 2020 to January 2021 in Jiangsu Provincial People′s Hospital Pukou Branch were selected as the research subjects.The methylation status and expression of Syk gene were analyzed by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction(MSP)and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Grouped according to Syk methylation status.31 tumor tissues were hypermethylated as the Syk hypermethylated group,and 59 were Syk unmethylated as the Syk unmethylated group.General information such as age,gender,location of colorectal cancer,and degree of differentiation were collected.The postoperative survival time was followed up,and the correlation between Syk and clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients was analyzed.Results Syk gene expression was not detected in 37 of 90 colorectal cancer patients,which was statistically significantly different from that in normal tissues(χ^(2)=67.737,P<0.05).31 tumor tissues were hypermethylated,showing loss of Syk gene expression,and only 6 of 59 unmethylated patients had loss of expression.The high and moderate degrees of differentiation of the Syk hypermethylated group were 22.58%and 54.84%,lower than the Syk unmethylated group,and the low differentiation degree accounted for 22.58%,which was higher than that of the Syk unmethylated group,and the difference was statistically significant(Z=2.214,P<0.05).Lymph node metastasis in the Syk hypermethylated group accounted for 87.10%,which was higher than that in the Syk unmethylated group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=23.051,P<0.05).The Syk hypermethylated group accounted for 9.68%,16.13%,58.06%,and 16.13%of the pathological stage A,B,C,and D stages,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant with the Syk unmethylated group(Z=2.940,P<0.05).The average survival time of the Syk hypermethylated group was(32.45±8.84)months,the 1-year survival rate was 74.19%,and the postoperative recurrence rate was 32.26%,there was a statistically significant difference with Syk unmethylated group(t=5.451,χ^(2)=4.827,8.197,P<0.05).Conclusion The expression level of Syk methylation is closely related to lymph node metastasis and pathological stage of colorectal cancer patients.Syk hypermethylation will reduce the survival rate of patients and affect the prognosis,which should be paid attention to.