中药汤剂不良反应原因及合理用药分析

Causes of Adverse Reactions of Traditional Chinese Medicine Decoction and Analysis of Rational Drug Use

目的探析中药汤剂不良反应原因,并为患者合理用药提供良好依据。方法选择2020年1月—2021年8月邳州市中医院接收的86例中药汤剂不良反应患者,对患者不良反应进行记录,并分析其不良反应发生原因,就这些原因提出合理用药方案,分析患者不良反应表现、类型、种类及出现原因。结果86例患者中,存在过敏反应患者38例(44.19%),消化、神经、呼吸及血液系统不良反应患者分别为23例(26.74%)、11例(12.79%)、7例(8.14%)、7例(8.14%);86例患者中植物不良反应60例(69.77%)、动物不良反应21例(24.42%)、矿物不良反应5例(5.81%);患者发生不良反应原因分别为药物配伍不当6例(6.98%)、药物因素26例(30.23%)、炮制方法不当12例(13.95%)、给药剂量过大17例(19.77%)、个体差异9例(10.47%)、给药疗程过长13例(15.12%)、误服误用因素2例(2.32%)、用法不当1例(1.16%)。结论患者使用中药汤剂治疗,受多种相关因素影响,极易产生消化、神经系统及过敏等不良反应,不利于提升患者临床疗效,所以,对中药汤剂不良反应做好针对性预防措施,可有效降低患者不良反应发生率,确保患者用药安全。

Objective To explore the causes of adverse reactions of traditional Chinese medicine decoction,and to provide a good basis for rational drug use in patients.Methods 86 patients with adverse reactions of traditional Chinese medicine decoction were selected from patients received in Pizhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2020 to August 2021.The adverse reactions of patients were recorded,and the causes of adverse reactions were analyzed,and then rational drug use plans were proposed for these reasons.The manifestations,types,types and causes of adverse reactions in patients were analyzed.Results Among the 86 patients,38(44.19%)had allergic reactions.The patients with adverse reactions of digestive,neurological,respiratory and blood systems were 23 cases(26.74%),11 cases(12.79%),7 cases(8.14%)and 7 cases(8.14%),respectively.Among the 86 patients,60 cases(69.77%)had adverse reactions to plants,21 cases(24.42%)to animals,and 5 cases(5.81%)to minerals.The causes of adverse reactions in patients were improper drug compatibility 6 cases(6.98%),drug factors 26 cases(30.23%),improper processing methods 12 cases(13.95%),excessive doses 17 cases(19.77%),individual differences 9 cases(10.47%),the administration course was too long 13 cases(15.12%),the factors of misuse and misuse 2 cases(2.32%),and the improper usage 1 cases(1.16%).Conclusion The treatment of patients with traditional Chinese medicine decoction is affected by a variety of related factors.It is easy to produce adverse reactions such as digestion,nervous system and allergy,which is not conducive to improving the clinical efficacy of patients.Therefore,taking targeted preventive measures for the adverse reactions of traditional Chinese medicine decoction can effectively reduce the incidence of adverse reactions in patients after medication and ensure the safety of patients′medication.