推开永生之门:21世纪英美科幻作品中的三类科学实验

Opening the Door to Immortality:Three Types of Scientific Experiment in 21st-Century English and American Science Fiction

对于永生的向往是人类的共性,也是文学作品的经典母题。进入21世纪后,高科技为创作进一步提供助力,特别是成为科幻作家想象未来的翅膀。其中,克隆、数字化和低温休眠技术尤其受到青睐,成为虚构世界中科学实验的聚焦对象,扮演着“推开永生之门的钥匙”的重要角色。然而,科技的深度介入带来的是对传统伦理体系的僭越,特别是对人性的挑战。对于生物学、社会学和伦理学等不同层面的人的再思考,成为这一类科幻作品的现实观照。

Immortality has been a common dream shared by humanity as well as a lasting literary motif.In the 21st century,advanced science and technology provide further dynamics for writers,especially for science fiction writers,who use them as wings in their imagination of the future.Cloning,digitalization and cryogenics,the representatives of high technology,have become the focus of scientific experiments conducted in the fictional world,playing the crucial role of keys to the door of immortality.However,the deep penetration of science and technology into human life has caused subversion of the traditional ethical system,challenging the very nature of humanity.The works concerned here have reconsidered what it means to be human in terms of biology,sociology and ethics,making them realistic despite being science fiction.