论庄子与南宗禅修行思想的内在契合性

The Internal Correspondence between Zhuangzi and Zen Buddhism

庄子与南宗禅在心性修行的思想上具有高度的契合性:一是庄子强调要抛弃各种俗念和外在事物的束缚,通过“心斋”“坐忘”等修行方式回归人本真的质朴状态,抛弃对待之心,领悟“万物齐一”的真谛。这与南宗禅主张明悟自身本来具有的清净佛性,按真如起心动念的禅法具有思想上的契合性,都遵循“本—失—返”的路径。二是庄子追求“吾丧我”的境界,在对待知识方面主张“离形去知”,而南宗禅修行的无念法门—无念为宗、无相为体、无住为本,要求修行者“于念而不起念”,在重“无”的思想倾向方面,二者具有内在的契合性。三是庄子追求的“道”和南宗禅追求的佛法,都属于不执着于两端的“不二之法”,都认为修行的关键是人的内心,都重视心性之修。

Zhuangzi and the southern Zen have some similarities in ways of spiritual practice.Firstly,Zhuangzi emphasizes that people should abandon all kinds of obsession and should never been restrained by other things,return to true simplicity of human beings through practice methods such as purifying the heart and sitting oblivion and forget the distinctions then understand the oneness among things.It is in ideological agreement with the Zen method of Nanzong Zen,which advocates realizing its original pure Buddha nature and thinking according to the truth,and follows the path of "origin-lossreturn".Secondly,Zhuangzi pursues the state of losing myself and abandoning his body and specific knowledge when it comes to knowledge Zhuangzi pursues the realm of "I lose myself",and advocates "knowing from the form" in dealing with knowledge,which is intrinsically compatible with the non-minded method of Nanzong Zen practice-non-minding as the religion,non-phase as the body,and non-living as the foundation,requiring the yogi to "read but not afford to read",and in terms of the ideological tendency of emphasizing "nothing".Third,the "Tao" pursued by Zhuangzi and the Dharma pursued by Nanzong Zen belong to the "only method" that is not clinging to both ends.Both believe that the key to spiritual practice is people’s heart,and both attach importance to the cultivation of mind and nature.