杨绳武《文章鼻祖》与早期钟山书院的文学教育

Yang Shengwu’s Wenzhangbizu and the early Literary Education of Zhongshan Academy

《文章鼻祖》作为钟山书院教材,是乾隆书院理念、早期钟山书院教育思想与杨绳武学术思想共同作用的产物。杨绳武选文经传、史汉、诗赋并重,所选皆为“文字之祖”,特别推尊《尚书·尧典》作为万事万物之祖的至高地位,建构了《尧典》与经传、史书、文章的渊源脉络。在具体阐释上,杨绳武采用以文说经的方法,抉发经传、史书的文学特征与价值,与乾隆以后经史研究方法异趋,体现出以文学为本位的教育理念,有为科举写作服务的现实意图。

As a textbook of Zhongshan Academy,Wenzhangbizu is the product of the joint effect of Qianlong’s academy concept,early Zhongshan Academy’s educational thought and Yang Shengwu’s academic thought.Yang Shengwu paid equal attention to the Confucian classics,history works,and poetry and Fu,to make them as the "ancestor of writing".He especially respected the supreme status of Yao Dian as the ancestor of all things,and constructed Yao Dian together with the classics,history books and proses.In terms of specific interpretation,Yang Shengwu adopts the method of explaining scriptures with texts to determine the literary characteristics and value of scriptures and history books,which is different from the research methods of scriptures and history after Qianlong,which reflects the educational philosophy of literature-based education,and has the realistic intention of serving the imperial examination writing.