2011—2020年新疆普通肺结核患者流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of common patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Xinjiang from 2011 to 2020

目的了解2011—2020年新疆利福平敏感和未知肺结核患者流行病学特征及治疗转归情况,为新疆肺结核防治工作提供科学参考。方法利用结核病监测系统导出现住址为新疆、2011—2020年登记的肺结核患者数据,采用描述流行病学方法分析全疆不同地州、不同年龄组和不同性别的肺结核登记率,不同职业、不同民族占其登记人口的比例,率的比较采用χ^(2)检验,以P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义。结果2011—2020年新疆普通肺结核患者平均登记率为159.46/10万。登记率最高的3个地市州分别为喀什地区(333.66/10万)、和田地区(262.45/10万)和阿克苏地区(244.82/10万);男女登记发病率之比为1.12∶1;农民(77.82%)、家政、家务及待业(7.46%)和学生人群(3.14%)是最多的3个职业;10年成功治疗率为93.87%。结论新疆普通肺结核患者登记率呈上升趋势,应持续开展以重点人群为主的患者筛查工作,加强南疆地区结核病防治工作,对发现的患者应治尽治,加强管理。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with Rifampicin sensitive and unknown pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB)in Xinjiang from2011 to 2020,and to provide scientific reference for tuberculosis prevention and control in Xinjiang.Methods The data of PTB patients in Xinjiang from 2011 to 2020 were retrieved from the Tuberculosis Surveillance System.The descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the PTB registration rates of different prefectures,age groups and genders,and the proportions of different occupations and ethnic groups in registered population.Chi-square test was used to compare the rates,and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results The average annual registration rate of common PTB patients in Xinjiang from 2011 to 2020 was 159.46/105.The three prefectures with the highest registration rates were Kashgar(333.66/105),Hotan(262.45/105)and Aksu(244.82/105).The ratio of male to female of registered incidence rate was 1.12∶1.Farmers(77.82%),house keeping,housework and unemployed(7.46%),and students(3.14%)were the three most common occupations.The 10-year successful treatment rate was 93.87%.Conclusions The registration rate of common patients with PTB in Xinjiang was on a rise.We should continue to carry out the screening to find patients in key populations,strengthen tuberculosis prevention and control measures in southern Xinjiang,and treat all detected patients and strengthen their management.