2020年新冠肺炎疫情期间深圳市居民抑郁、焦虑情绪及其影响因素分析

Depression and anxiety in Shenzhen and its influencing factors during COVID-19 epidemic period

目的了解新型冠状病毒肺炎期间深圳市居民的心理健康状况,为居民心理健康干预提供科学依据。方法于2020-04/06采用方便抽样方法通过网络对深圳市居民进行心理健康问卷调查。组间比较采用χ^(2)检验,采用Logistic回归分析影响因素,检验水准α=0.05。结果在9423名调查对象中,抑郁情绪检出率为15.98%,焦虑情绪检出率10.47%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,与陌生人同住、正在接受或曾经接受医学观察和既往确诊、疑似或者密切接触者、使用电子设备时长≥2 h/d、锻炼时长>≥5 h/d、有高血压诊断史或糖尿病诊断史的居民有抑郁情绪的比例更高(P<0.05)。离异、正在接受或曾经接受医学观察、使用电子设备≥5 h/d、有高血压诊断史或糖尿病诊断史的居民较易有焦虑情绪的比例更高(P<0.05)。结论新冠肺炎疫情期间,不同的社会人口学特征、身份类型和生活习惯特征对深圳市居民的心理健康状况有不同的影响,因此应当分类完善心理干预措施,提升居民的心理健康水平。

Objective To investigate the mental health status during the epidemic situation of COVID-19,and to provide evidence for targeted psychological intervention for residents in Shenzhen Methods By using convenient sampling method,we carried out an online survey in Shenzhen with questionnaire survey on mental health of residents from April to June,2020.Chi-squre test was adopted for comparision,and Legistic regression was used for analyzing influencing factors.The test level wasα=0.05.Results The overall prevalence of depression and anxiety was 15.98%and10.47%.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the residents lived with strangers,under medical observation,confirmed or suspected infection,in close contact,using electronic devices for≥2 h/d,exercised for>5 h/d,and with high blood pressure or diabetes they had a higher risk of depression.The residents divorced,under medical observation,using electronic devices for≥5 h/d and with high blood pressure or diabetes they had a higher risk of anxiety.Conclusions The epidemic situation of COVID-19 have various adverse impacts on mental health status of residents in Shenzhen,and the impacts varied by residents′different social demographic characteristics,identity types and living habits;The results suggest that we should improve the psychological intervention measures in different levels to improve the mental health level of residents in Shenzhen.