基于碳中和及气候适应性原则的被动式建筑应用潜力研究——以重庆市为例

Research on passive potential based on the principles of carbon neutrality and climate adaptability—Taking Chongqing as an example

气候变化及其广泛影响推动世界各国实施碳中和战略。本文从碳中和建筑理论体系入手,提出碳中和与气候适应性的建筑设计基本原则,强调对被动式建筑全生命周期内的节能效益(运行碳)和实施成本(隐含碳)平衡的动态考量,并且根据场域气候和城市形态特点,关注被动式建筑对场域风、热、光等物理环境特征的适应与反馈。进一步从场域与气候、建筑类型、围护结构、通风、采光、可再生能源利用及其他技术方面,识别重庆市被动式建筑的碳源/汇情景,探讨重庆市“湿热、湿冷、弱风”气候特征下,应用被动式策略降低建筑碳排放的潜力,借此推动重庆市净零碳城市建设。

Climate change and its wide-ranging influence are driving countries worldwide to implement carbon neutrality strategies.Starting from the building theoretical system of carbon neutrality,this paper proposed the basic principles of carbon neutrality and climate adaptive building design and emphasized the dynamic-balance consideration between the energy-saving benefits(operational carbon)and implementation costs(embedded carbon)in the whole life cycle of passive buildings.According to regional climate characteristics and urban morphological features,this paper also focused on the adaptive feedback of passive buildings to the physical environmental characteristics such as wind,heat,and light at the site.Furthermore,this paper identifies the carbon source/sink scenarios of passive buildings in Chongqing from aspects of site and climate,building type,the envelope structure,ventilation,lighting,renewable energy utilization,and other technologies,and discusses the potential of applying passive strategies to reduce carbon emissions from buildings under the climates of"humid and hot,humid and cold,and weak winds"in Chongqing.This will promote the construction of a net-zero carbon city in Chongqing.