中国马铃薯供需现状及发展前景

Current Situation and Development Prospect of Supply and Demand of China's Potato

自2015年马铃薯主粮化项目实施以来,中国马铃薯产需呈现出新的发展趋势。经对2015—2019年中国马铃薯生产、消费、价格波动等分析发现,近年来中国马铃薯播种面积基本稳定,在种植技术升级、品种培育等多种因素的影响下,产量逐年增加,单产节节攀升;马铃薯种植生产区域集中在西北地区,马铃薯销售多由生产区辐射向周边临近地区,主要销往北京、安徽、山东等地;马铃薯价格受季节、气候影响较为明显,且现阶段马铃薯消费量上下变动的各种影响因素并存,总体上减大于增。中国马铃薯主粮化项目任重道远,要充分认清当前阶段发展情况,根据时代及居民需求的变动不断调整发展方向,更好地规划马铃薯的生产、消费,做到供需均衡,挖掘消费者的马铃薯消费潜力,用需求拉动消费,带动马铃薯行业发展。

Since the implementation of potato staple food project in 2015,potato production and demand in China have shown a new development trend.The production,consumption and price fluctuation of potato in China from 2015 to 2019 were analyzed,it was found that the potato planting area in China was basically stable in recent years,the yield increased year by year and the yield per unit area rose successively under the influence of various factors such as planting technology upgrading and variety cultivation.Potato planting and production areas are concentrated in northwest China,and potato sales are mostly radiated from production areas to neighboring areas,mainly to Beijing,Anhui,Shandong and other places.Potato price is obviously affected by season and climate,and the consumption of potato increases and decreases affected by all kinds of influencing factors at the present stage,generally the decrease is greater than the increase.There is still a long way to go for potato staple food project in China,it is necessary to fully recognize the current status of potato development in China,constantly adjust the development direction according to the changes of Times and residents'demands,plan the production and consumption direction of potato,achieve the balance of supply and demand,tap consumer potato consumption potential,drive consumption by demand,and drive the development of potato industry.