基于高通量测序技术对不同季节圈养褐马鸡肠道菌群多样性分析

Changes in Intestinal Microflora Diversity of Captive Brown Eared Pheasants among Different Seasons Using High-Throughput Sequencing

为提高褐马鸡(Crossoptilon mantchuricum)疾病防控能力和饲养管理水平,利用高通量测序技术对其肠道菌群进行多样性分析,探知其肠道菌群在不同季节的变化规律,并预测潜在致病的高发时间段,结果表明:门水平上,圈养褐马鸡的肠道优势菌群为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes,52.11%)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes,18.20%)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria,17.91%)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria,7.32%);属水平上,Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group为优势菌属(5.56%),其次是链球菌属(Streptococcus,5.47%)和脱硫弧菌属(Desulfovibrio,4.74%)。通过组间差异分析结合不同季节菌群变化规律,以春、夏、秋、冬四季依次排序,厚壁菌门呈递减趋势;拟杆菌门在春季组和夏季组较低,在秋季组和冬季组呈递增趋势,冬季组丰度为36.72%;变形菌门在夏季组丰度最高(34.81%),差异显著(P<0.05);Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group最为优势,春季组至夏季组呈递减趋势,秋、冬组逐渐升高,冬季组达到峰值,差异显著(P<0.05);链球菌属在夏季呈爆发式增长(21.84%),其他各组均低于0.05%,同时,潜在致病性预测也发现夏季组患病风险明显增加。综上,不同季节圈养褐马鸡的肠道菌群会发生相应的改变,夏季则是褐马鸡消化道疾病高发季节。

In order to improve the disease prevention and control ability and feeding management level of the brown eared pheasant(Crossoptilon mantchuricum),the diversity of its intestinal flora was analyzed using high-throughput sequencing technology.This study aims to explore the variation in intestinal flora over different seasons,and to predict high incidence period of the potential disease outbreak.The results showed that at the phylum level,the dominant intestinal flora of captive brown pheasant was Firmicutes(52.11%),Bacteroidetes(18.20%),Proteobacteria(17.91%)and Actinobacteria(7.32%).At the genus level,Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group was the dominant genus(5.56%),followed by Streptococcus(5.47%)and Desulfovibrio(4.74%).Firmicutes had the highest abundance in spring and showed an increasing trend.Bacteroidetes were low in spring and summer,and then increased in autumn and winter,with the final abundance 36.72%.The abundance of Proteobacteria was the highest in summer(34.81%),and the difference was significant(P<0.05).At the genus level,Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group was the most dominant bacterial genus,which showed a decreasing trend from spring to summer,gradually increased in autumn and winter,and reached the peak in winter,and difference was significant(P<0.05).Streptococcus species increased explosively in summer(21.84%),and the proportion of other groups was less than 0.05%.The prediction in potential pathogenicity suggested that the risk of disease in summer was significantly increased.In conclusion,the intestinal flora of captive brown eared pheasants will change correspondingly in different seasons,and summer is the season of high incidence of digestive tract disease.