九万山国家级自然保护区鸟兽多样性红外相机监测初报

Preliminary Report on Camera Trapping Survey for Mammals andBirds in the Jiuwanshan National Nature Reserve

2020年8月—2021年7月,在广西九万山国家级自然保护区核心区、缓冲区和实验区共布设50台红外相机,对区内的野生动物资源进行连续监测。研究期间共记录到兽类17种(4目10科)和鸟类19种(5目10科),其中国家二级重点保护野生动物12种。兽类中,相对多度指数前5位的依次是小泡巨鼠(Leopoldamys edwardsi)、赤麂(Muntiacus vaginalis)、野猪(Sus scrofa)、红腿长吻松鼠(Dremomys pyrrhomerus)和鼬獾(Melogale moschata);鸟类中,相对多度指数前3位的依次是白鹇(Lophura nycthemera)、虎斑地鸫(Zoothera aurea)和白眉山鹧鸪(Arborophila gingica)。核心区、缓冲区和实验区中的兽类、鸟类物种数以及鸟兽物种总数均不存在显著性差异;物种多样性指数中,仅鸟兽物种多样性指数间存在显著差异,核心区显著高于实验区和缓冲区。鼬獾为夜行性动物,赤麂、野猪、褐胸噪鹛(Garrulax maesi)、白鹇和白眉山鹧鸪为昼行性动物。监测结果初步掌握了九万山国家级自然保护区内鸟兽物种组成,可为后续物种保护措施的制定和管理提供基础资料。

We set up 50 infrared cameras in the core area,buffer area and experimental area of Jiuwanshan National Nature Reserve to monitor wildlife resources between August 2020 and July 2021.We identified 17 mammal species(four orders and 10 families)and 19 bird species(five orders and 10 families),with 12 species as categoryⅡstate key protected wild animals.Based on the relative abundance index,Leopoldamys edwardsi,Muntiacus vaginalis,Sus scrofa,Dremomys pyrrhomerus and Melogale moschata were ranked as the top five most abundant mammal species.Lophura nycthemera,Zoothera aurea and Arborophila gingica were ranked as the top three bird species.There was no significant difference in the number of mammal and bird species among core zone,buffer zone,and experimental zone.However,there was significant difference in total mammal and bird species diversity among these areas.The total species diversity was higher in the core area than those in other two areas.Melogale moschata was predominantly nocturnal,while Muntiacus vaginalis,Sus scrofa,Garrulax maesi,Lophura nycthemera,Arborophila gingica were mostly diurnal.Our results provide preliminary data for species composition in Jiuwanshan,which can assist in improving species conservation and reserve management in the reserve.