基于整合的协同:城市社区统合治理的实践逻辑

Coordination Based on Integration:Practical Logic of Urban Community Integrated Governance

随着党组织在基层社会治理中的引领作用不断彰显,“统合治理”逐步成为社区治理的普遍模式。在既有研究的基础上,本文认为,统合治理作为推进多方协同的本土方案,是对转型社会环境、利益分化结构和非正式制度环境的回应,其功能原理可以概括为“基于整合的协同”,也就是基于执政党与其他主体之间的引领关系,实现多元整合,进而构建起以党的组织体系为枢纽的多方协同网络。为此,在社区治理实践中,由党组织、居委会和社工站组成的一体化基层组织凭借其位于国家与社会之间的有利条件,综合运用国家政策资源和社区社会资本,构建起了面向多元主体的法权机制、组织机制、利益机制和人情机制等整合方式,并通过实践技艺和行动策略予以优化,从而调节相关主体的“激励-约束”函数和行为偏好,使其私益诉求沿着公共利益的基准路径聚合。在此过程中,统合治理也因多元主体的不均衡整合效果而呈现出“纵向协作”优先于“横向合作”的协同形态。

With the leading role of party organizations in grass-roots social governance constantly showing,"integrated governance"has gradually become a universal model of community governance.On the basis of the existing research,this paper holds that integrated governance,as a local scheme to promote multi-party collaboration,is a response to the social environment of transition,the structure of interest differentiation and the informal institutional environment.Its functional principle can be summarized as"integration-based collaboration",that is,based on the leading relationship between the ruling party and other subjects,multi-integration is realized,and then a multi-party collaborative network with the party's organizational system as the hub is built.Therefore,in the practice of community governance,the integrated grass-roots organization composed of party organizations,residents'committee and community workstation,relying on its favorable conditions between the state and the society,comprehensively utilizes national policy resources and community social capital,and builds an integrated way of power mechanism,organizational mechanism,interest mechanism and human relationship mechanism for multiple subjects,which is optimized by practical skills and action strategies,so as to adjust the"incentive-constraint"function and behavior preference of relevant subjects and make their private interests appeal along the benchmark path of public interests.In this process,because of the unbalanced integration effect of multi-subjects,the integrated governance presents a collaborative form in which"vertical cooperation"takes precedence over"horizontal cooperation".