中国共产党的劳动政策变迁与经验启示

Evolutionof Labor Policies of the CPC and Empirical Enlightenment

作为协调劳动关系的主要手段,党的劳动政策在革命、建设、改革的不同历史时期发挥了重要作用。建党百年来党的劳动政策变迁先后经历了新民主主义革命时期由规范劳资关系转向实行劳资两利、社会主义革命和建设时期构建社会主义劳动关系的初步探索、改革开放和社会主义现代化建设时期建立规范的市场化劳动关系、中国特色社会主义新时代全面保障劳动者合法权益四个阶段。增进劳工权益,重视劳动关系协调稳定发展;均衡利益分配,促进劳动者和企业实现“双赢”;立足基本国情,推动构建和谐稳定劳动关系是建党百年来劳动政策演进的历史经验。建党百年来党的劳动政策对新时代劳动关系治理具有重要启示:坚持依法治理劳动关系,加强组织领导和统筹协调;契合新业态发展需求,补齐灵活就业人员权益保障“短板”;积极倡导体面劳动,推动劳动关系治理国际合作。

As the main method of coordinating labor relations, the labor policy of the CPC has played an important role in different historical periods of revolution, construction and reform. In the one hundred years since the founding of the CPC, the changes of the Party’s labor policy have experienced successively from regulation between labor and capital to benefiting both labor and capital in the period of the new democratic revolution, the preliminary exploration of building socialist labor relations in the period of socialist revolution and construction, the establishment of standardized market-oriented labor relations in the reform and opening-up period and socialist modernization, and the comprehensive protection of the legitimate rights and interests of laborers in the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics. We should enhance labor rights and interests and attach importance to the coordinated and stable development of labor relations;we should balance benefit distribution and promote the winwin of laborers and enterprises;we should, based on fundamental realities of the country, build harmonious and stable labor relations. The labor policy of CPC since its founding has important enlightenment to the governance of labor relations in the new era: it is of significance to strengthen organizational leadership and overall planning and coordination by persisting in managing labor relations according to law, to make up for the “weakness” in protecting the rights and interests of the flexible employees by meeting the needs of new forms of business, and to promote international cooperation on labor relations governance by advocating decent work actively.