细菌敏感精油的筛选及与乳化剂组合的抑菌效果研究

Screening of Bacterial Sensitive Essential Oils and Study on the Antibacterial Effects of Combination with Emulsifiers

为了筛选常见病原菌敏感的精油和乳化剂,首先采用牛津杯法测定了12种精油对产气荚膜梭菌、大肠埃希氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的抑菌作用,然后将筛选出的5种抑菌效果较好的精油与吐温系列乳化剂分别按不同比例互作,测定对上述3种细菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC),最后根据MIC结果,测定产气荚膜梭菌在低于精油MIC下的生长曲线以及在MIC下的菌体形态变化。结果显示,肉桂醛对产气荚膜梭菌最敏感,且10%吐温40乳化肉桂醛可显著降低对产气荚膜梭菌的MIC;生长曲线表明1/2、1/4、1/8MIC的肉桂醛对产气荚膜梭菌的生长均有明显抑制作用;扫描电镜显示肉桂醛作用后的产气荚膜梭菌形态发生明显改变。肉桂醛对产气荚膜梭菌的抑菌效果优于其他精油。试验结果为临床防治产气荚膜梭菌引发的梭菌性肠炎提供了科学依据。

In order to screen essential oils and emulsifiers sensitive to pathogenic bacteria, bacteriostatic effects of 12 essential oils on Clostridium perfringens,Escherichia coli,and Salmonella typhimurium were measured by Oxford cup method in this test, then 5 essential oils with good bacteriostatic efficacy were selected out to interact with different proportions of Tween series emulsifiers respectively to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) against the above three types of bacteria.Finally, according to the MIC,the growth curves and morphological changes were detected below the MIC.The results showed that cinnamaldehyde was the most sensitive essential oil to Clostridium perfringens.10% Tween 40emulsified cinnamaldehyde can significantly reduce the MIC to Clostridium perfringens;The growth curve indicated that cinnamaldehyde of 1/2,1/4,1/8 MIC had a significant inhibitory efficacy on the growth of Clostridium perfringens,and Clostridium perfringens had remarkable morphological changes under the scanning electron microscopy after the action of cinnamaldehyde.The antibacterial efficacy of cinnamaldehyde on Clostridium perfringens was better than that of other tested essential oils.The results of this test provide an important basis for the clinical prevention and treatment of necrotizing enteritis caused by Clostridium perfringens.