电动汽车无线充电发射器温度场数值模拟与优化设计

Numerical Simulation and Optimization Design of Temperature Field of Wireless Charging Transmitter for Electric Vehicle

电动汽车无线充电发射器在工作中感应线圈会产生一定的热量,同时发射器通常安装在室外,在夏季天气晴朗的天气条件下太阳的照射会使得发射器温度升高,优异的散热性能对于发射器至关重要,因此需要对工作时的发射器温度场进行数值模拟分析,以确保其日常使用时安全、高效和稳定。首先利用Fluent软件研究新设计发射器与初代发射器温度场特性的差别;其次针对散热效果确定散热孔优化方案,并评价不通尺寸散热孔对发射器散热性能的影响;最后在散热孔处增加强制散热,模拟安装了散热风扇时的发射器散热情况,研究强制散热对发射器散热性能的影响。研究结果表明:新设计发射器在增加了散热硅胶结构后,虽然表面最高温度以及平均温度有所降低,但是散热能力依然较差,故进行结构改进,通过开挖散热孔增加了一条散热通道进行散热,数值模拟结果显示散热能力大幅提高,散热孔越大,散热性能就越好,另外在散热孔处增加强制对流后散热效果进一步提升,为日后电动汽车无线充电装置的散热改进提供了设计依据与思路。

The induction coil of the electric vehicle wireless charging transmitter using the electromagnetic induction principle will generate some heat during operation.At the same time,the transmitter is usually installed outdoors.Therefore,under the sunny weather conditions in summer,the irradiation of the sun will increase the temperature of the transmitter.Excellent heat dissipation performance is very important for the transmitter,Therefore,it is necessary to conduct numerical simulation analysis on the temperature field of the transmitter during operation to ensure its safety,efficiency and stability in daily use.Firstly,the difference of temperature field characteristics between the newly designed transmitter and the first generation transmitter is studied by Fluent software;According to the heat dissipation effect,determine the optimization scheme of the heat dissipation hole,and evaluate the impact of the non size heat dissipation hole on the heat dissipation performance of the transmitter.Finally,add forced heat dissipation at the heat dissipation hole to simulate the heat dissipation of the transmitter when the heat dissipation fan is installed,and study the impact of forced heat dissipation on the heat dissipation performance of the transmitter.The research results show that after adding the heat dissipation silica gel structure,although the maximum surface temperature and average temperature are reduced,the heat dissipation capacity is still poor.Therefore,the structure is improved.A heat dissipation channel is added by excavating the heat dissipation hole for heat dissipation.The numerical simulation results show that the heat dissipation capacity is greatly improved.The larger the heat dissipation hole,the better the heat dissipation performance,In addition,after adding forced convection at the heat dissipation hole,the heat dissipation effect is further improved,which provides a design basis and idea for the heat dissipation improvement of electric vehicle wireless charging device in the future.