《陈旉农书》的蚕桑生产与经营思想研究

A Study on the Sericulture Production and Management Thought in Chen Shen Agricultural Book

南宋的《陈旉农书》首次简洁明了地总结了江南的农业生产技术和农业经营思想,实乃我国第一流古农书。其植桑技术主要体现在注重肥地和苎桑套种,并首次记载了桑树嫁接技术。其养蚕技术主要体现在注重育种,努力育出能眠得整齐的良种,精心打理蚕室,通过加温来控制蚕室温度,勤喂叶除沙和预防蚕病,盐渍藏茧,缫丝时勤换水等方面。其蚕桑经营思想为增加土地综合利用率,通过精心养蚕、缫丝、织绢,“唯藉蚕办生事”,并以套种苎麻、纺线织布为补充,解决全家的赋税和生计问题。

Chen Shen Agricultural Book in the Southern Song Dynastybriefly summarizes the production technology and management thought of agriculture in the south of the Yangtze River for the first time, and is the first class ancient agricultural book in China. Its mulberry planting technology is mainly reflected inthe use offertile land, interplanting of ramie with mulberry, and the mulberry grafting technology being recorded for the first time. Its silkworm rearing technology is mainly reflected in breeding forgood varieties that can sleep neatly, carefully managing the silkworm roomby controlling its temperature through heating, frequently feeding leaves to remove silkworm excrementand prevent silkworm diseases, storing cocoons in salt, and frequently changing water during silk reeling. Itssericulture management thought is to increase the comprehensive utilization rate of land. Careful silkworm rearing, silk reeling, and silk weaving, together with interplanting ramie, spinning and weaving, help the family to pay taxes and make a living.