21世纪以来:我国城乡义务教育均衡发展的动因、历史进程与基本经验

The Cause, Historical Process and Basic Experience of the Balanced Development of Urban and Rural Compulsory Education in China since the 21st Century

义务教育是教育工作的重中之重,是实现教育强国战略的基础。21世纪以来,我国城乡义务教育发展经历了初步均衡、基本均衡,已经进入优质均衡发展阶段。社会主要矛盾的变化、教育发展战略的调整、基础教育自身的发展以及教育价值取向的演变是促进城乡义务教育均衡发展的主要动因。深入推进义务教育均衡发展,全面提高义务教育质量是新时代基础教育发展的重要任务。坚持顶层设计与基层探索相结合、坚持社会发展与个人需求相结合、坚持教育公平与教育质量相结合,是实现办好人民满意教育,促进城乡教育均衡发展的基本经验。

The compulsory education is the top priority of education and the foundation for realizing the strategy for building up national strength with education development.Since the 21 st century, the development of compulsory education in urban and rural areas in China has experienced a preliminary and basic balance, and entered the stage of high-quality and balanced development.The change of social principal contradiction, the adjustment of educational development strategy, the development of basic education itself and the change of educational value orientation are the main factors to promote the balanced development of urban and rural compulsory education.Promoting the balanced development of compulsory education and comprehensively improving the quality of compulsory education are important tasks for the development of basic education in the new era.Adhering to the combination of top-level design with grass-roots exploration, of social development with individual needs, and of education equity with education quality is the basic experience to achieve a satisfactory education for the people and promote balanced development of urban and rural education.