医学教育中文化能力培养的研究现状及发展趋势——基于CiteSpace的可视化分析

Research status and development trend of cultural competence cultivation in medical education: a visualization analysis based on CiteSpace

目的 深层次剖析医学教育中文化能力培养领域的动态与变迁特征可以为我国医学文化教学提供深入的理论和实践参考。方法 以“医学”“文化能力”“培养”为关键词在科学引文数据库(Web of Science)核心数据库中进行检索,得到自1992-2021年间共1 521篇期刊文献,并使用CiteSpace从文献的年代分布、核心期刊、关键词、突现词、研究前沿、研究热点等进行了可视化分析。结果 医学教育中文化能力培养领域的论文发表数量呈稳步增长的态势。目前该领域主要由西方发达国家主导,研究力量主要集中在美国和加拿大,近5年的热门话题为种族/族裔文化和差异。相较于西方的研究,我国学者的研究主要为现象描述和分析,缺乏理论归纳和本土医学文化探索。结论 医学教育中的文化能力培养研究日趋成熟,可以借鉴该领域高被引论文中的培养方式和研究重点,探索适合我国国情医学文化能力培养的途径。

Objective To analyze the dynamics and changing characteristics of medical cultural competence education and to provide theoretical and practical references for medical culture education in China. Methods We searched the Web of Science core database with the keywords of “medicine,” “cultural competence,” and “education” and obtained a total of 1 521 journal articles from 1992 to 2021. CiteSpace was employed to visualize and analyze the chronological distribution,publications on core journals, keywords, emergent terms, and research frontiers and hotspots of the literature. Results The number of papers published in the field of medical cultural competence education is steadily increasing. Developed Western countries contribute to the majority of the publications, especially America and Canada. Trending topics in the past five years are racial/ethnic culture and their differences. Compared with the research in Western countries, Chinese scholars are mainly interested in phenomenon description and case analysis but are inadequate in theoretical induction and exploration of local medical culture. Conclusion The research on cultural competence cultivation in medical education is increasingly mature.We can learn from the teaching methods and research focus of highly cited papers in this field and explore how to cultivate medical cultural competence suitable for our country’s conditions.