辽金信州地望新探

A Study on the Location of Xinzhou Town in Liao and Jin Dynasties

学界以往多将辽金信州定于吉林省公主岭市秦家屯古城,近年来对秦家屯古城进的考古工作表明,该城实际上是一座金代新建城址,辽代信州应另有其地。五家子古城位于秦家屯古城西侧13千米,历史卫星照片显示其具有被风沙掩埋的郭城,周长与秦家屯古城相当。五家子古城地表散布着大量辽代中、晚期遗物,未见金代遗存,应为辽代中、晚期城址。根据新的考古发现并结合历史文献可推断,辽代信州治于五家子古城,而金代信州治于秦家屯古城,迁治时间据《元一统志》所记,可能是在金皇统三年。

In the past,it was believed that Xinzhou(信州)in the Liao and Jin dynasties was located in present-day Qinjiatun,in Gongzhuling City,while the ancient site in Wujiazi,13 km to the west of Qinjiatun,was considered to be a sub-state of Xinzhou and received little attention.Based on the reading of historical satellite photos and field surveys,we have discovered the outer city wall around Wujiazi,thus increasing its perimeter to be comparable to that of Qinjiatun.This discovery is different from the old understanding.By re-evaluating the surface remains of the two cities and the excavated relics,it is clear the ancient city of Qinjiatun was a Jin dynasty site,while the ancient city of Wujiazi was a Liao dynasty site,abandoned in the early Jin dynasty.Based on the archaeological evidences and combined with the literature,we believe that the Liao Dynasty Xinzhou was ruled from Wujiazi ancient city,and during the Jin Dynasty Xinzhou was ruled in Qinjiatun ancient city.According to the Yuan Yitong Zhi,the time of the change seems to be the third year during the Huangtong period(1143).