体育锻炼作为教育惩戒手段的合理性与实施策略研究

Study on the Rationality and Implementation Strategy of Physical Exercise as a Method of Educational Punishment

以解释论视角认为,在满足严格的教育惩戒构成要件的前提下,体育锻炼作为教育惩戒的可选手段具有一定的合理性。体育锻炼惩戒进校规班规符合《中小学教育惩戒规则(试行)》有关校规班规的明示条款精神,在学理性和教育改革实践方面能够获得合法合规的解释性适用。充分发挥体育锻炼惩戒的独特价值和育人优势,科学实施体育锻炼惩戒对于深化体教融合实践发展,促进学生身心健康成长与全面发展具有积极的作用。体育锻炼惩戒的实施原则包括:坚持学生主体地位;坚持体育专业指引;有益身心健康发展;尊重学生意愿选择;合理适度,区别对待;精准施策,一校一策。体育锻炼惩戒的实施策略在于:科学设计实施流程;严格设置教师与学校实施体育锻炼惩戒的权限;兼顾一般性体育锻炼内容与校本体育特色内容;注重分层分类,协调推进组织实施;全力保护青少年受教育权、人格权;加强条件保障,确保实施成效;推进家校协作,强化监督环节;重视共建共享,形成治理合力。

From the perspective of explanation theory,it is reasonable to regard physical exercise as an optional means of educational punishment on the premise of meeting the strict requirements of educational punishment.Introducing physical exercise punishment into school rules complies with the spirit explicitly stipulated in“The Educational Punishment Rules for Primary and Secondary Education(Trial Implementation)”,and it can acquire interpretative application in accordance with laws and regulations in terms of academic rationality and educational reform practice.Giving full play to the unique value and educational advantages of physical exercise discipline,scientific implementation of physical exercise discipline has a positive effect on deepening the practical development of sports and education integration,and promoting the growth and comprehensive development of students’physical and mental health.The implementation of physical exercise punishment shall insist on the following principles:adhere to the dominant position of students;adhere to sports professional guidance;beneficial physical and mental health development;respecting students’willingness to choose;reasonable and appropriate,differential treatment;precise policy,one school one policy.Physical exercise punishment implementation strategy includes:scientifically design the implementation process;strictly set the authority for teachers and schools to implement physical exercise punishment;take general physical exercise content and school-based sports characteristic content into consideration;pay attention to hierarchical classification,coordinate to promote organization and implementation;fully protect the right of education and personality of adolescents;strengthen conditions to ensure the effectiveness of implementation;promote home-school collaboration and strengthen the supervision process;pay attention to co-construction and sharing,and form a joint force of governance.