武术中的威慑仪式--时下社会习武者的戏仿想象

Deterrence Ceremony in Martial Arts--The Parody Imagination of Contemporary Social Martial Arts Practitioners

传统武术的钟情者经常在各种场合展示出一种貌似无所畏惧的情态,他们的勇气除来自爱好冒险的个性,更多的则源于其威慑仪式般的信念。社会武术习练者所操持的武术属于一种非尚武类武术,带有更多的精神性,而较少身体性特质。威慑仪式思维一度在中国的下层和上层社会都有影响力,并在中国传统武术中广有流布。中国传统武术的道德性要大于技击性,中国的道德文化由来已久,而道德主义一直是中国武打影视剧的固化主题,也是中国人恪守的基本精神信条。传统武术中大量的威慑仪式文化元素促使传统武术本体生发出诸多非体育元素,而高度神秘化的武术则更使其容易成为文艺作品,而很难成为纯然的现代体育项目。以威慑仪式想象代替实战的传统武术虽然有很好的智力启发功能,却以弱化近身搏击技能为前提。传统武术的江湖性大于体育性的缘由恰在于此。

Lovers of traditional martial arts often show a seemingly fearless mood on various occasions.Their courage comes not only from their adventurous personality,but also from their deterrent ritual beliefs.The martial arts practiced by social martial arts practitioners belong to a non-martial arts,with more spirituality and less physical characteristics.Deterrence ritual thinking was once influential in both the lower and upper classes of Chinese society and was widely spread in traditional Chinese martial arts.The morality of Chinese traditional martial arts is greater than the art of attack and defense.China’s moral culture has a long history,and moralism has always been the theme of Chinese martial arts film and television drama,and it is also the basic spiritual creed that Chinese people abide by.A large number of deterrent ritual cultural elements in traditional martial arts promote the traditional martial arts itself to produce many non-sports elements,and the highly mysterious martial arts makes it easier to become literary and artistic works,rather than a pure modern sports event.Although the traditional martial arts,which substitute the imagination of deterrence ritual for actual combat,have a good function of intellectual inspiration,it is based on the premise of weakening close combat skills.This is the reason why traditional martial arts are more Jianghu than sports.