枕头坝一级鱼道过鱼效果监测

Monitoring on the Fish Passing Effect of Fishway in Zhentouba I Hydropower Station

采用渔获物调查、水声学探测、鱼道视频监测记录和PIT标记试验相结合的方法对枕头坝一级水电站鱼道过鱼效果进行监测的结果显示,2017年6月~2017年9月和2018年3月~2018年5月(一个完整过鱼季节)共采集到鱼类42种,22种鱼类通过枕头坝一级水电站鱼道上溯。鱼类上溯存在季节和昼夜差异,4月~7月鱼类上溯最多,夜晚(20∶00~08∶00)过鱼明显好于白天(08∶00~20∶00)。监测结果初步证明,高水头、长距离的竖缝式鱼道有很好的消能效果,竖缝式鱼道能承担高坝过鱼的重任。研究在此分析基础上,提出了枕头坝一级水电站鱼道适应性优化策略。

The methods of fish catching survey,hydroacoustic observation,fishway video monitoring record and PIT marking test are used to monitor the fish passing effect of fishway in Zhentou I Hydropower Station.The monitoring results show that 42 species of fish are collected from June 2017 to September 2017 and from March 2018 to May 2018(a complete passing season),and 22 species of fish migrates upstream via the fishway.There are seasonal and diurnal differences in fish upstream migrating.The fish upstream migrating is most frequent from April to July,and the fish upstream migrating at night(20∶00-08∶00)is better than that at day(08∶00-20∶00).The monitoring results preliminarily prove that the vertical-slot fishway with high head and long distance has a good energy dissipation effect and can undertake the heavy task of fish passing in high dam.Based on the analysis of fish-passing efficiency and the influencing factors of Zhentouba I Hydropower Station,the adaptive optimization strategy of fishway is proposed.