广西战役“大胜”原因新探

A New Probe into the Reasons of "Great Victory" in Guangxi Campaign

毛泽东称广西战役为“伟大的胜利”。对这场战役取得大胜的原因,论者较多注意到了以毛泽东为首的中共中央军委运筹帷幄,广大解放军指战员顽强奋战以及广西地下党、游击队和人民群众的支持配合,而较少关注战役对手即国民党方的因素。本文认为,战役发起前后,国民党方主帅白崇禧身陷蒋介石的拆台与掣肘、滇粤派系的博弈内耗、新桂系集团内部的分裂、撤退路线的分歧以及广西士兵的大规模逃离等多重内在困境。这些内在困境影响和制约了白崇禧在战役中的应对,加快了白崇禧集团败亡的速度,促成了广西战役的“大胜”。

Mao Zedong called the battle of Guangxi a "great victory".For the reasons for the victory of this campaign, theorists have paid more attention to the strategy of the CPC Central Military Commission led by Mao Zedong, the tenacious struggle of the majority of PLA commanders and soldiers, and the support and cooperation of the underground party, guerrilla team and the people in Guangxi, but paid less attention to the factors of the combat opponents, namely the Kuomintang.The author believes that before and after the launch of the campaign, Bai Chongxi, commander in chief of the Kuomintang, was trapped in multiple dilemmas, such as Chiang Kai-shek’ s demolition and restriction, the game internal friction of Yunnan-Guangdong factions, the division within the New Guangxi Group, the divergence of the withdrawal route, and the large-scale escape of Guangxi soldiers.These internal dilemmas affected and restricted Bai Chongxi’ s response in the campaign, accelerated the speed of Bai Chongxi Group’ s defeat, and contributed to the ’ victory’ of the campaign in Guangxi.