基于热流固耦合模型的养殖工船养殖舱温度场数值模拟

Numerical simulation on water temperature of aquaculture waters on aquaculture ship based on heat-fluid-solid consolidated model

养殖工船养殖舱水温的适宜性对保障养殖品种的生长和存活十分重要。通过抽取冷水团冷水,利用养殖工船进行鲑鳟鱼养殖的过程中,为科学布设温度传感器位置,合理监测养殖水体温度,本研究构建养殖工船养殖水舱三维瞬态热流固耦合模型,开展不同冷水进水流速和保温层厚度下养殖舱水温数值模拟研究。结果显示:保温层厚度对养殖舱中水温空间分布并未有显著性影响,稳定状态时的平均水温与保温层厚度无关,但是较厚的保温层可以减慢来自水舱外部的热量传入,有利于减缓养殖水舱水温升高,比较30 cm和40 cm保温层,养殖水体水温变化无显著差异,故30 cm硬质聚氨酯材料具有较好的保温效果。4 m/s、5 m/s和6 m/s 3种不同进水流速主要影响养殖水舱的水温降低速度,对温度的空间分布并没有显著性影响。研究表明,温度传感器布设于养殖舱中心垂直剖面、远离排水口、靠近水面的位置,可较好监测养殖水体水温。

The suitability of water temperature in the water tank of aquaculture ships is essential for the growth and survival of aquaculture species.The aquaculture ship raises salmon and trout by pumping cold water from cold water masses.For monitoring water temperature effectively by deploying temperature sensors scientifically,this study constructed 3D heat-flow-solid consolidated model and then conducted numerical simulation analysis on different flow velocities and thickness of insulation layer.The study results indicate the thickness of the insulation layer does not influence the spatial distribution of water temperature significantly and also is not correlated with the mean temperature of a stable state,but the thicker insulation layer can slow down the heat input from outside and is conducive to maintain the water temperature of aquaculture tank.The change in water temperature is not significant between the 30 cm and 40 cm insulation layer,hence 30 cm insulation layer made by rigid polyurethane heat preservation materials is recommended.Three different inlet speeds(4 m/s,5 m/s,6 m/s)affect the cooling speed of the water,but do not affect the spatial distribution of water temperature significantly.We found temperate sensor can monitor the water temperature effectively by deploying it in the vertical,central profile distant from the outlet and near to water surface.