地下滴灌加气技术研究进展

Development in Aerated Subsurface Drip Irrigation: A Review

地下滴灌加气技术是通过对地下滴灌管网加气来改善根区土壤通气条件,避免低氧胁迫对作物造成不利影响,促进作物增产提质的一种新型灌溉技术。明确不同条件下地下滴灌加气技术的实施效果,确定适宜的加气灌溉模式与配套设备是推动该技术规模化应用的关键。通过总结近年来地下滴灌加气技术的相关研究进展与成果,全面总结了作物生长适宜的根区土壤氧气条件以及地下滴灌加气技术对土壤环境与作物生长的改善效果,并重点探讨了加气模式与加气设备的应用现状、存在的问题和发展趋势。目前,地下滴灌加气技术在作物产量与品质提升方面效果显著,但仍存在需进一步研究和解决的问题,首先是作物需按时、按需加气,其次需要从“气源-灌溉系统-土壤环境-作物生长”全过程提升加气综合利用效率并研发实用、高效的地下滴灌专用加气设备。

Aerated subsurface drip irrigation is a new technology developed over the past decades to improve aeration in the root zone by mixing irrigation water with air bubbles to ameliorate the adverse effect of hypoxic on crops and boost crop yield and quality. The key to disseminate aerated subsurface drip irrigation is to understand its efficacy under different soil and cropping conditions to determine the rational aeration rate and the associated equipment. Based on the development in both research and application of subsurface drip irrigation and the associated aeration technologies, we systematically review the suitable aeration levels for improving oxygen in the root zone of crops to improve their growth. In particular, we focus on the development in technologies for mixing the irrigation water with gas bubbles and their application, the existing problems in aerated subsurface drip irrigation,and the potential applications of these technologies. This review aims to help those who are interested in aerated irrigation to understand the present state and research progress in aerated subsurface drip irrigation. Available results indicated that aerated subsurface drip irrigation indeed improves crop yield and quality considerably, but we also highlight the areas which need further research, including when the root zones need aeration, air-irrigation water-soil interaction, as well as how to improve efficiency of irrigated water and oxygen.