论社会工作专业实践性知识建构及其路径

On the Construction of Practical Knowledge in Social Work and Its Pathways

社会工作专业实践性知识的生产和建构是我国社会工作专业化、本土化对话互构语境中非常重要的方式之一。基于社会工作实践性知识视角,运用质性研究方法,在学生—教师—实践督导多方协作的社会工作实务课程实践下,以社会工作实务课程中学生与实践督导为主体,分析社会工作实践性知识建构的困境,指出实践情境的动态性、场域的不确定性影响了社会工作专业服务行动及变化。通过不断修正现有的认识和行为预期,探讨如何利用新的行为模式来应对具体问题,从而达到服务目标并实现专业知识与实践的整合,形成新的实践性知识;通过总结实务经验,阐述了社会工作专业实践性知识形成的本土实践智慧。从实践主体、知识主体、场域主体三个维度论证中国社会工作实践性知识的源头,详细阐述实践主体—知识主体—场域主体良性互动、循环互构的社会工作实践模式,探讨了本土实践智慧转化成社会工作实践性知识的建构路径,为实现专业共同体,完善我国社会工作知识体系贡献智慧。

The production and construction of social work practical knowledge is one of the most important ways in the context of dialogue and inter-construction of social work professionalization and localization in China.Based on the perspective of social work practical knowledge,employing qualitative research methods,with three parties(the students,teachers and prac-tice supervisors)collaboratively cooperating in social work practice curriculum,and taking students and practice supervisors as the main subjects,the author will analyze the plight in the construction of social work practical knowledge,and point out that it is the dynamic nature of practice contexts and the uncertainty of the fields that affect the actions and changes of social work professional services.By constantly revising existing understanding and behavioral expectations,it explores how to use new behavioral models to respond to specific problems,so as to achieve service goals,integrate professional knowledge with practice,and form new practical knowledge.By summarizing the practical experience,this paper will elaborate the lo-cal practical wisdom in the formation of social work practical knowledge.The source of social work practical knowledge in China will be demonstrated from three dimensions:the subject of practice,the subject of knowledge and the subject of the field,and the social work practice model,in which the three sub-jects interact with each other in a benign and circular way,will be elaborated.This paper will also explore the construction path of transforming local practice wisdom into social work practical knowledge,contributing to the realization of the profes-sional community and the improvement of the social work knowledge system in China.