“给VP”结构的语义特征和语用价值——基于《飘》多译本语料库的分析

The Semantic Features and Pragmatic Values of“Gei(给)+VP”Construction Based on the Corpus of Multiple Versions of Gone with the Wind

基于Gone with the Wind(《飘》)22个译本平行语料库,结合传统典型实例分析法的研究表明,“给VP”结构在译语中使用频次明显高于汉语原创文学;该结构具有“致使性”和“方向性”特征,直指某一预定目标或已经造成的结果;逻辑施事、受事与“给”的位置关系决定了“给VP”的语义:施事位于主语位置时,凸显主语自主处置力及结果;受事移位至“给VP”的主语位置时,强调共现的施事或外因作用(当施事省略或隐含)致使主语遭受某结果。“给VP”口语色彩浓厚,具有帮助传递说话人的态度和情绪、彰显人物所处状态等语用价值。

By means of a parallel corpus of 22 translated versions of Gone with the Wind,and the traditional case analysis method,the study shows that the frequency of“Gei(给)+VP”construction in translated Chinese is significantly higher than that in the reference corpus of original Chinese works;that the construction is characterized by“causality”and“directionality”,placing stress on a predetermined goal or an achieved result;that its semantic orientation is determined by the positions of logical agent and/or patient in reference to“gei”.When the agent is the subject,it highlights the agent s initiative of control and results.When the subject is the patient,it emphasizes that the co-occurred agent or external effect(when the agent is omitted or implied)causes the subject to suffer a certain result.And it is found that the construction is often used in spoken language and has pragmatic values such as helping to convey the speaker s attitude,emotion and the state of the character.