小剂量地塞米松用于全髋关节置换术后疼痛效果观察

Effect of Low-Dose Dexamethasone in Patients with Pain After Total Hip Arthroplasty

目的探讨小剂量地塞米松在全髋关节置换术后疼痛患者中的应用效果。方法采用医学样本勘验法,选取医院2019年1月至2021年3月收治的全髋关节置换术后疼痛患者68例,按治疗方案的不同分为对照组和干预组,各34例。两组患者均予常规镇痛治疗,干预组患者在对照组基础上加用小剂量地塞米松,连续2 d。结果干预组患者的镇痛效果为97.06%,显著高于对照组的76.47%(P<0.05);干预组患者的恶心呕吐发生率为2.94%,显著低于对照组的17.65%(P<0.05);干预组患者的麻醉药剂量减少和术后高热评分均显著低于对照组,术后肺功能评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论小剂量地塞米松用于全髋关节置换术后疼痛患者的镇痛效果良好,可提高患者的术后肺功能,降低术后体温,减少麻醉药使用剂量,且安全性较高。

Objective To investigate the effect of low-dose dexamethasone on patients with pain after total hip arthroplasty.Methods A total of 68 patients with pain after total hip arthroplasty admitted to the hospital from January 2019 to March 2021 were divided into the control group and the intervention group according to different treatment schemes,with 34 cases in each group.The patients in both groups were treated with routine analgesia.On this basis,the patients in the intervention group were treated with low-dose dexamethasone for 2 d.Results The analgesic effect in the intervention group was 97.06%,which was significantly higher than 76.47%in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of nausea and vomiting in the intervention group was 2.94%,which was significantly lower than 17.65%in the control group(P<0.05).The anesthetic dose reduction and postoperative hyperthermia score in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group,while the postoperative pulmonary function score was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Low-dose dexamethasone has a good analgesic effect on patients with pain after total hip arthroplasty.It can improve the postoperative lung function,reduce the postoperative body temperature,reduce the dosage of anesthetics,and have a high safety.