生物质制氢技术研究综述

Review on technologies of hydrogen production from biomass

合理开发利用可再生清洁能源氢能,能够促进我国能源结构转变升级,推动社会绿色可持续发展。在“双碳”目标下,生物质制氢技术被认为是一种发展潜力巨大的绿色环保制氢技术,可分为热化学法与生物法。综述了这两种方法所涉及的蒸汽气化、超临界水气化、生物质热解重整、光发酵、暗发酵等制氢技术的原理、影响因素、优缺点及研究现状,并且综合分析常见生物质制氢技术存在的技术壁垒与发展障碍。对于生物质制氢技术的发展具有一定指导意义。

Rational development and utilization of hydrogen energy can promote the transformation and upgrading of Chinese energy structure,as well as the sustainable development of society.To achieve the carbon peak and neutrality targets,biomass hydrogen production technology is considered as a green hydrogen production technology with great development potential.The technology can be divided into thermochemical hydrogen production technology and biological hydrogen production technology.The principles,influencing factors,advantages and disadvantages and research status of hydrogen production technologies involving steam gasification,supercritical water gasification,biomass pyrolysis reforming,light fermentation and dark fermentation are reviewed in this paper.Moreover,the technical barriers and future development obstacles of various hydrogen production technologies are comprehensively analyzed.The research has certain guiding significance for the development of biomass hydrogen production technology.