孝感地区222例泌尿系结石成分分析及预防

Analysis and Prevention of Urinary Calculi in 222 Cases in Xiaogan Area

目的:探讨孝感地区泌尿系结石患者发病的情况和性质特点,提出相应的治疗及预防对策。方法:采用红外光谱自动分析仪,对孝感市中心医院2019年1月至2021年12月收治的222例患者的泌尿系结石标本进行成分分析,并结合患者的临床资料研究其结石分布特征。结果:本组222例结石患者中,男女比例为2.17:1,年龄20~86岁,平均年龄51.7岁,其中中年(41~60岁)为高发人群,共125例(56.31%)。尿路结石共有16种类型。混合成分结石12种,比例最高,约占77.93%,主要为一水草酸钙+二水草酸钙(35.58%)。结石的好发部位位于上尿路。同时,统计学分析表明,结石发生的部位和成分与患者年龄没有直接关系;患者的结石成分种类与不同的BMI之间无统计学意义。结论:孝感地区泌尿系结石患者以草酸钙及其与碳酸磷灰石结合的混合结石为主,对于这类患者,应采取以抑制草酸盐及碳酸磷灰石形成为主的治疗和预防措施。

Objective: To explore the occurrence and characteristics of urinary calculi in Xiaogan area, by analyzing the calculi composition of 222 patients with urinary calculi in The Central Hospital of Xiaogan and to propose the corresponding treatment and prevention countermeasures. Methods: infrared spectrum automatic analyzer was used to analyze the composition of urinary calculi samples which were from 222 patients admitted to the hospital from January 2019 to December 2021, and the distribution characteristics were analyzed with the combination of the clinical data of the patients. Results: In the 222 patients with calculi, the ratio of male to female was 2.17:1, the age was 20-86 years old, the average age was 51.7 years old, among which 125 cases(56.31%) were middle-aged(41-60 years old) with high incidence. There were 16 types of urinary calculi. There were 12 kinds of calculus with mixed composition, accounting for the highest proportion of 77.93%, mainly consisting of calcium oxalate monohydrate + calcium oxalate dihydrate(35.58%). The most common site of calculi is the upper urinary tract. At the same time, statistical analysis showed that the location and composition of the stones were not directly related to the age of patients. There was no significant difference between the type of stone composition and the different BMI. Conclusion: Calcium oxalate and its combination with carbonate apatite are the main urinary calculi in patients in Xiaogan area, and the treatment and prevention of such patients should be mainly to inhibit the formation of oxalate and carbonate apatite.