天然祖母绿与合成祖母绿鉴定探讨

Discussion on the Identification of Natural Emerald and Synthetic Emerald

该文运用常规宝石学仪器、紫外-可见光谱仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪等仪器对天然祖母绿、水热法合成祖母绿和助溶剂法合成祖母绿进行检测。对比其测试结果,宝石显微镜下天然祖母绿中有两相或三相包体、矿物晶体等自然形成的包裹体,而合成祖母绿中有助溶剂残余或水波纹等人工合成所产生的包体;因微量元素的不同而导致天然祖母绿和合成祖母绿的紫外-可见吸收光谱图存在差异,可以作为其辅助鉴定依据;红外光谱图中可以根据有无水峰以及Ⅰ型水和Ⅱ型水所致吸收峰的不同对其进行鉴别。

In this article,natural emerald,hydrothermal synthetic emerald and fux-grown synthetic emerald were detected by conventional gemological instruments,UV-VIS spectrometer and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and other instruments.Compared with the test results,natural emeralds have two-phase or three-phase inclusions,mineral crystals and other naturally formed inclusions under gem microscope,while synthetic emeralds have inclusions produced by artificial synthesis such as solvent residue or water ripple;The UV-VIS absorption spectra of natural emerald and synthetic emerald are different due to the difference of trace elements,which can be used as the basis for their auxiliary identification;In the infrared spectrum,it can be identified according to the presence or absence of water peak and the difference of absorption peak caused by typeⅠwater and typeⅡwater.