老年长期照护服务脆弱性的质性研究

Qualitative research on the vulnerability of long-term care services for the elderly

目的探讨老年长期照护服务过程中存在的问题及脆弱性,为护士更好地开展护理服务提供指导性意见,为机构管理者制订人性化的护理管理措施提供依据。方法以VanManen的诠释现象学研究方法对5位养老机构管理人员以及10位老年专科护士进行面对面、半结构式深入访谈,采用Colaizzi法分析资料。结果老年长期照护服务存在7个脆弱性:人力资源匮乏、财政支持不足、医疗设施配置不均衡、岗位培训倦怠,职业认同感低下,护理新事物接受不强,薪酬绩效制度不完善。结论老年长期照护服务需从多方面提升,建议政府加大财政支持力度,配备齐全的医疗设施;建议相关部门建立并完善培训考核制度,严格监督培训质量;建议机构管理者建立一套科学的薪酬绩效制度,重视老年专科护士的学习及培训;建议高校有倾斜性的培训护生的养老护理知识,鼓励男性护生参与养老护理工作。

Objective To explore the problems and vulnerabilities in the process of long-term care services for the elderly,to provide guidance for nurses to better carry out nursing services,and to provide a basis for institutional managers to formulate humane nursing management measures.Methods Using VanManen's interpretive phenomenological research method,we conducted face-to-face,semi-structured in-depth interviews with 5 senior care institution managers and 10 senior specialized nurses.The data was analyzed by the Colaizzi method.Results There are seven vulnerabilities in long-term care services for the elderly:lack of human resources,insufficient financial support,uneven allocation of medical facilities,job training burnout,low professional identity,poor acceptance of new nursing things,and imperfect salary performance system.Conclusion Long-term care services for the elderly need to be improved in many ways.It is suggested that the government should increase financial support and provide complete medical facilities.It is suggested that relevant departments establish and perfect the training assessment system and strictly supervise the training quality.It is suggested that institutional managers establish a set of scientific compensation performance system and attach importance to the study and training of geriatric nurses.It is suggested that colleges and universities should incline to train the nursing knowledge of nursing students and encourage male nursing students to participate in the nursing work.