成人慢性自发性荨麻疹血清过敏原、斑贴试验结果分析

Analysis of serum allergens measurement and patch test in adulthood with chronic idiopathic urticaria

目的分析成人慢性自发性荨麻疹住院患者常见过敏原分布特点及斑贴试验结果。方法采用Uni CAP体外过敏原检测系统对121例成人慢性自发性荨麻疹患者及30例健康体检者进行血清总IgE(tIgE)、特异性IgE(sIgE)检测,其中51例慢性自发性荨麻疹患者同时行瑞敏斑贴试验。结果121例患者过敏原tIgE检测阳性率为61.98%(75/121),高于对照组的13.33%(4/30)(P<0.01)。吸入性过敏原phad阳性率为39.67%(48/121),高于对照组的6.67%(2/30)(P<0.01);单价吸入性过敏原阳性率前3位依次为粉尘螨、户尘螨、梧桐,与对照组相比增高(P<0.05)。食入组食物混合型过敏原、花生、大豆、芝麻检测结果与对照组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。51例行斑贴试验患者的总阳性率为76.47%(39/51),常见接触类过敏原前3位依次为硫酸镍、对苯二胺、分散蓝106/124,对1种过敏原阳性者13例(33.33%),对2种过敏原阳性者11例(28.21%),对3种及以上过敏原阳性者15例(38.46%)。结论血清过敏原检测及斑贴试验有助于明确慢性自发性荨麻疹患者致敏原的种类,粉尘螨、户尘螨、梧桐、硫酸镍、对苯二胺、分散蓝106/124可能是诱发郑州地区成人慢性自发性荨麻疹发病的重要致敏原。

Objective This paper is aimed at analyzing the prevalence and trend changes of serum allergens and patch test in adulthood inpatients with chronic idiopathic urticarial(CIU).Methods The serum allergens tIgE and s IgE of 121 inpatients with CIU and 30 healthy people by Uni CAP in vitro allergy detection system,and a patch test for contact allergens detection was conducted simultaneously in 51 CIU adulthood among the 121 cases.Results The positive rate of allergens tIgE in 121 adulthood urticaria inpatients was 61.98%(75/121),higher than control group(13.33%,4/30)(P<0.01).The positive rate of phad was 39.67%(48/121),higher than control group(6.67%,2/30)(P<0.01).Positive rates of univalent inhalation allergens were Dust mite,House dust mite and Platanus acerifolia,higher than control group(P<0.05).There was no statistical significance on the difference in the detection results of food mixture allergen,peanut,soybean and sesame between the input group and the control group(P>0.05).The total positive rates of patch test in 51 CIU was 76.47%(39/51).The most common contact allergies were nickel sulfate,paraphenylene diamine and disperse blue 106/124.One kind of allergy was found in 13 cases(33.33%),while two kinds of allergies were found in 11 cases(28.21%),and more than 3 kinds of allergies in15 cases(38.46%).Conclusion Serum allergen detection and patch test are helpful to identify the types of allergens in patients with chronic spontaneous urticarial.Dust mite,House dust mite,Platanus acerifolia,Nickel sulfate,paraphenylene diamine,Disperse blue 106/124 may be common allergens that induce relapse in CIU adulthood in zhengzhou area.