1991~2020年新疆艾丁湖面积时空变化分析

Analysis of Spatiotemporal Variation of Aiding Lake Area in Xinjiang During 1991 and 2020

内陆湖泊面积的时空动态变化与区域气候变化和生态环境状况紧密相关。选取1991~2020年艾丁湖湖面的Landsat遥感影像,采用改进的归一化差异水体指数方法提取湖面信息,分析湖面面积年际、空间与年内变化趋势。结果表明,艾丁湖面积年际变化趋势呈先减小,再增加,再减小三个阶段。湖面出现萎缩时,其空间变化特征为先从西北、东南方向向湖心萎缩,再从西南、东北方向向湖心偏南方向萎缩。面积的年内变化以2007年为界分为两个阶段,1991~2007年湖泊面积在6月最大,12月最小;2008~2020年湖泊面积在3月后开始下降,6月到达拐点,8月为最大值,12月为最小值。研究成果对保护艾丁湖生态环境有重要意义。

The dynamic variation of inland lake surface is a response of climate change and ecological environment. In this study, remote sensing image of Landsat for the Aiding Lake from 1991 to 2020 were selected to extract the lake area information by modified normalized difference water index and to analyze the inter-annual, annual and spatial variation trend of lake area. The results show that the inter-annual variation trend of lake area was divided into three stages: decreasing, then increasing followed by decreasing. When the lake surface is shrinking, its spatial variation first shrinks from northwest and southeast to the lake center, then from southwest and northeast to south of the lake center. From 2008 to 2020, the lake area reached the maximum value in March and shrank to the minimum value in June, reached its peak in August and touched its valley in December. The result makes a significant contribution to protect ecological environment of Aiding Lake.