唐代杂技对豪侠小说中武艺描写的影响

Influence of Acrobatics on the Depiction of Martial Arts in the Tang Dynasty

先唐侠士以义行侠,以品行为重,武艺和结果并不重要。唐代豪侠以武行侠,小说内容重点描写侠士的武功和行侠过程。唐代豪侠小说中出现如此丰富高超的武艺描写,杂技的影响是一个重要原因。唐朝散乐百戏发展繁荣,技艺精湛,丰富的杂技节目为豪侠小说武艺描写提供了素材和现实基础。诸如扛鼎、戴竿、走绳、剑术等杂技都能一一在豪侠小说中找到对应之处,这就使得唐代豪侠小说展现出了迥异于其他小说的独特审美价值。

Chivalry before the Tang Dynasty was embodied in the righteousness and virtues of the chivalrous warriors while martial arts and fight results were not important. In the Tang Dynasty, however, martial arts and the chivalrous acts were the focus of the heroic fiction. The influence of acrobatics was an important reason for the richness and sophistication of the martial arts depicted in the Tang Dynasty chivalric novels. The richness of acrobatic programmes provided material and realistic bases for the portrayal of martial arts in the novels. Acrobatics such as pod-lifting, pole-wearing, rope-walking and sword-fighting all found their echoes in the novels, which provided the heroic fiction of the Tang Dynasty with a unique aesthetic value that set them apart from other novels.