基于LCA的江西省典型生猪供应链的碳排放测算

Carbon Emission Estimate of Typical Swine Supply Chain in Jiangxi Province Based on LCA

以江西典型生猪碳排放为研究对象,运用全生命周期评价(LCA)方法通过构建包含饲料、猪繁育、肉猪饲养、屠宰加工、包装切割、运输储存等全生命周期的碳排放计算框架,采用江西省鄱阳湖域生猪产业的实际技术数据,对江西猪肉碳排放进行具体测算。研究发现:每生产1 kg生鲜猪肉的碳排放量为7.3 kg,是标准碳排放的的5倍;从各环节构成看,最高为生猪养殖环节占52%;从排放源构成看,氧化亚氮(N_(2)O)的排放量最大,占近40%。建议:(1)在饲料种植及加工阶段重视低碳技术的运用,减少化肥即农药的使用;(2)在生猪养殖阶段,改进养殖模式,减少排泄物的碳排放;(3)采用天然气、太阳能等清洁能源替代煤和油。

Taking the carbon emission of typical pigs in Jiangxi as the research object,the Whole Life Cycle Assessment(LCA)method was used to construct a carbon emission calculation framework for the whole life cycle of pigs including feed,pig breeding,pig feeding,slaughter and processing,packaging and dissection,transportation and storage,etc.The actual technical data of the pig industry in the Poyang Lake area of Jiangxi Province were taken to calculate the specific pork carbon emissions in Jiangxi.The study found that the carbon emission of per kg of fresh pork was 7.3 kg,five times of the standard carbon emission.In terms of the composition of each link,the highest was the pig breeding,accounting for 52%;as for the composition of emission sources,the emission of Nitrous Oxide(N_(2)O)was the largest,accounting for nearly 40%.It is recommended that(1)low carbon technologies should be applied in the feed planting and processing stage,and the use of chemical fertilizers or pesticides should be reduced;(2)In the pig breeding stage,the breeding model should be improved to reduce carbon emissions from excrement;(3)natural gas,clean energy such as solar energy should be used to replace coal and oil.