湖南省美丽乡村时空格局特征及影响机制分析

Analysis of the characteristics and influence mechanism of the temporal and spatial pattern evolution of beautiful villages in Hunan Province

开展美丽乡村时空格局特征及影响机制的分析对于加快推进新时期乡村振兴战略实施具有重要意义.基于乡村振兴战略背景,以湖南省为例,运用GIS空间分析工具以及地理探测器等分析方法,研究了2015—2020年湖南省美丽乡村时空格局特征及影响机制.结果表明:1)湖南省美丽乡村空间分布类型为集聚型,市域层面内,除株洲市美丽乡村空间分布类型为离散型外,其余市(州)均为随机型;2)湖南省美丽乡村集聚程度较高,以2018年为界,其集聚程度由“小集聚,大分散”的点状分布演变成多核心的带状分布,最终呈现多核心团状分布特征,集聚中心主要分布于湘中和湘东地区;3)湖南省美丽乡村空间覆盖范围正逐步缩小,并向西北-东南方向倾斜;4)经济水平、政策扶持与交通要素对湖南省美丽乡村空间格局的影响程度较为显著,服务水平与自然条件对其影响程度相对较弱.

It is of great significance to carry out the analysis of the temporal and spatial pattern characteristics and influence mechanism of beautiful countryside for accelerating the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy in the new era. Based on the background of rural revitalization strategy, taking Hunan Province as an example, using GIS spatial analysis tools and geographic detectors and other analysis methods, the characteristics and influence mechanisms of the temporal and spatial pattern evolution of beautiful villages in Hunan Province from 2015 to 2020 are studied. The results show that: 1) The spatial distribution type of beautiful villages in Hunan Province is agglomeration type, and at the city level, except for the discrete type of beautiful villages in Zhuzhou City, the other cities(prefectures) are all random types;2)The degree of agglomeration of beautiful villages in Hunan Province is relatively high. With 2018 as the boundary, the degree of agglomeration has evolved from a “small agglomeration, large dispersion” point-like distribution to a multi-core belt distribution, and finally showing the characteristics of a multi-core cluster-like distribution. The agglomeration centers are mainly distributed in the central and eastern parts of Hunan;3)The spatial coverage of beautiful villages in Hunan Province is gradually shrinking and tilting towards the northwest-southeast;4) Economic level, policy support and transportation factors have a significant impact on the spatial pattern of beautiful rural areas in Hunan Province, while service levels and natural conditions have a relatively weak impact on them.