启蒙运动“自由”思想及其对马克思早期思想发展的影响

“Freedom”Thought of Enlightenment and Its Influence on Development of Marx’s Early Thought

马克思早期思想发展受启蒙运动中“自由”思想影响较大。其中,苏格兰启蒙运动中的“经济自由”思想为马克思早期的人性自由研究奠定了基础,法国启蒙运动中的“政治自由”思想为马克思从政治解放过渡到人类解放的思想奠定了基础,德国启蒙运动中的“理性自由”思想为马克思“消灭哲学”思想奠定了基础。因此,考察启蒙运动“自由”思想给予青年马克思的影响对于理解马克思早期思想的发展脉络具有重要价值。

Marx’s early ideological development is greatly influenced by the“freedom”thought in the Enlightenment.The“economic freedom”thought in the Scottish Enlightenment lays the foundation for Marx’s research on human freedom.The“political freedom”thought in the French Enlightenment lays the foundation for Marx’s thought of transitioning from political emancipation to human emancipation.The“rational freedom”thought in the German Enlightenment lays the foundation for Marx’s“eliminating philosophy”thought.Therefore,examining the influence of“freedom”thought in the Enlightenment on the young Marx is of great value for understanding the development of Marx’s early thought.