“双减”政策执行的阻滞与突破: 基于史密斯模型的分析

Block and Breakthrough of"Double Reduction"Policy Implementation--Based on Smith′s Model

“双减”政策是新时代建设高质量教育体系的内在要求,其落地执行受到多种因素的制约。以史密斯政策执行过程模型为分析框架研究发现:“双减”政策执行深受政策本身、执行机构、目标群体和环境等因素的影响。为提升政策执行成效,政策的制定应充分考虑政策的科学性和前瞻性,准确把握学生学业负担的概念内涵;执行机构层面,应加强对校外培训机构的监管,建立各执行机构协调统一的执行机制;目标群体层面,学校应回归育人本位,教师增强教学能力,家长树立正确的教育观念;环境因素层面,建立多元评价体系和构建终身学习的教育生态系统。

The"Double Reduction"policy is the inherent requirement for building a high-quality education system in the new era,and its implementation is constrained by various factors.Taking the Smith policy implementation process model as the analytical framework,it is found that the"Double Reduction"policy implementation faces many difficulties in four aspects:policy itself,implementing agencies,target groups and environmental factors.In order to optimize the effectiveness of policy implementation,the formulation of policies should fully consider the scientific nature and forward-looking of the policy,and accurately grasp the conceptual connotation of students′academic burden;the executive agency should strengthen the supervision of off-campus training institutions,and establish a coordinated and unified execution mechanism for each executive agency.At the target group level,schools should return to the educational standard,teachers should enhance their teaching ability,and parents should establish correct educational concepts;at the level of environmental factors,establish a multiple evaluation system and build a lifelong learning education ecosystem.