高校知识产权管理中的政府机制创新--对美国国防部专利政策的研究

Innovation of Government Mechanism in Intellectual Property Management in Universities--A Study on the Patent Policy of the U.S.Department of Defense

美国政府干预知识产权的政策适用于政府各部门,尤以国防部最为典型。由于遇到的知识产权问题最多,利害关系最密切,美国国防部对这些知识产权政策执行得也最早、最积极、最深入。以知识产权政策中的专利政策为线索进行梳理总结,发现美国在知识产权管理中有三方面的政府机制创新:为政府目的使用专利技术的规则、对涉密专利申请保密和解密的程序、对政府资助所产生的发明的管理。

The U.S.government′s policy of intervening in intellectual property rights applies to all branches of government,and is most typical of the Department of Defense in particular.Because it has encountered the most intellectual property issues and the closest stakes,the U.S.Department of Defense has implemented these intellectual property policies earliest,most actively and most deeply.Taking patent policy as a clue,we found that the U.S.has three innovative government mechanisms in IP management:rules for using patented technology for government purposes,procedures for secrecy and declassification of classified patent applications,and management of inventions generated by government funding.