发光金纳米簇的配体演化:从氨基酸到蛋白质

Ligand evolution of luminescent gold nanoclusters:from amino acids to proteins

金纳米簇是一种超小尺寸的新型发光纳米材料,具有抗光漂白能力强、斯托克斯位移大、生物相容性好、毒性低等特点,是当前发光纳米材料研究中的热点领域之一.迄今,发光金纳米簇的研究经历了不同阶段的发展和功能上的进化,而这些和配体的发展密切相关.本综述以配体演化为基础,着重调研和讨论了从氨基酸到多肽和蛋白质这一脉相承的配体如何被用来制备发光金纳米簇以及如何被开发利用于生物传感等领域.具体内容包含了金纳米簇的合成方法、发光机制以及响应性质,并将配体对金纳米簇的影响进行了分类探讨,提出了金纳米簇领域目前所面临的挑战和其未来的发展方向.

Gold nanoclusters are known as emerging ultra-small-sized luminescent nanomaterials with the characteristics of strong photobleaching resistance,large Stokes shifts,good biocompatibility and low toxicity.Up to now,the development of emissive gold nanoclusters has experienced several stages,which are closely related to the study of ligands.Based on the evolution of ligands,this review focuses on how ligands from amino acids,peptides to proteins are used to synthesize photoluminescent gold nanoclusters and to fabricate biosensors.The content of this review includes synthesis methods,luminescence mechanism and stimuli-responsive properties of gold nanoclusters.The effects of different ligands on gold nanoclusters are discussed separately,and the current challenges and the future development direction in the field of gold nanoclusters are proposed.